不正
ふせい
dishonesty, cheating, injustice
試験で不正をした学生は失格になった。
The student who cheated on the exam was disqualified.
N1 दिन 20
With the theme of sports and ethics, learn 〜んがため (in order to ~, at all costs) and 〜まじき (something one must not do as ~). Then read a newspaper column and grasp the writer's view.
करिब २५ मिनेट · ८ शब्द · व्याकरण · पढाइ · क्विज
不正
ふせい
dishonesty, cheating, injustice
試験で不正をした学生は失格になった。
The student who cheated on the exam was disqualified.
倫理
りんり
ethics, morals
研究者には高い倫理が求められる。
Researchers are expected to have high ethical standards.
品位
ひんい
dignity, grace
彼の話し方には品位が感じられる。
There is a sense of dignity in the way he speaks.
欺く
あざむく
to deceive
監督は相手を欺かんがため、作戦を味方にも秘密にした。
In order to deceive the opponent, the coach kept the plan secret even from his own team.
潔い
いさぎよい
graceful, honorable (accepting without excuses)
彼は言い訳をせず、潔く負けを認めた。
He made no excuses and accepted defeat gracefully.
規範
きはん
norm, standard
社会の規範は、時代とともに変わっていく。
Social norms change with the times.
至上
しじょう
supreme, above all else
この店は客の満足を至上の目標としている。
This shop makes customer satisfaction its highest goal.
誇り
ほこり
pride
父は職人としての誇りを持って働いている。
My father works with pride as a craftsman.
For the (strong) purpose of ~ (literary)
A literary expression of a strong purpose: "determined to ~ at any cost." Take the ない form, drop ない, and add ん (勝たんがため, 知らんがため); する becomes せんがため. Before a noun, use 〜んがためのN. It can suggest that someone is going to great or excessive lengths for the goal.
夢を実現せんがため、彼はすべてを捨てて研究に打ち込んだ。
Determined to realize his dream, he gave up everything and devoted himself to research.
生き残らんがために、その会社は大胆な改革を行った。
In order to survive, the company carried out bold reforms.
(N) unbecoming of ~; must not be done
A very formal expression meaning "must not be done" or "unacceptable for someone in that position." It is always followed by a noun such as 行為 (act), 態度 (attitude), or 発言 (remark). It is mostly used as N にあるまじき N or N としてあるまじき N to strongly criticize behavior unbecoming of a role, such as a teacher or a professional.
生徒の答案を電車に置き忘れるとは、教師にあるまじき行為だ。
Leaving students' exam papers on the train is an act unworthy of a teacher.
客に対して失礼な言葉を使うのは、店員としてあるまじき態度だ。
Using rude language to customers is an attitude unacceptable for a store clerk.
勝たんがために審判を欺く。プロの試合では、そんな場面を時々目にする。Deceiving the referee just to win. In professional games, we sometimes see scenes like that.
わざと倒れて反則をもらうような不正は、選手にあるまじき行為だ。Cheating such as falling on purpose to draw a foul is behavior unworthy of an athlete.
ところが先日、近所の小学生のサッカー大会で、思わぬ光景を見た。The other day, however, I saw an unexpected scene at a local elementary school soccer tournament.
決勝点が入った直後、点を決めた少年が審判のところへ走っていき、「ボールが手に当たりました」と申し出たのだ。Right after the winning goal went in, the boy who scored ran to the referee and told him, "The ball hit my hand."
点は取り消され、試合は引き分けに終わった。The goal was canceled, and the game ended in a draw.
黙っていれば、誰にも気づかれなかっただろう。それでも自分から認めた潔い態度に、両チームの親たちから拍手が起こった。If he had kept quiet, probably no one would have noticed. Still, his honest attitude of admitting it himself drew applause from the parents of both teams.
勝利至上の考え方は、ときに倫理を忘れさせる。A win-above-all mindset sometimes makes people forget ethics.
しかし、ルールという規範があればこそ、スポーツは面白いのではないか。But isn't it precisely because there are norms called rules that sports are interesting?
勝つことは大切だが、品位を失ってまで勝つ必要はない。Winning matters, but there is no need to win at the cost of losing one's dignity.
試合の後、あの少年は「負けてないから、まあいいか」と笑っていたそうだ。彼の誇りは、どんな優勝カップよりも輝いて見えた。After the game, the boy apparently laughed and said, "Well, we didn't lose, so it's fine." His pride seemed to shine brighter than any trophy.
अनुवाद हेर्न लाइनमा ट्याप गर्नुहोस्।
R1少年は試合で何をしたか。
उत्तर: 2 自分の手にボールが当たったことを審判に伝えた
Line 4 says the boy who scored told the referee, "The ball hit my hand." Choice 1 is the example of cheating in pro games, not what the boy did.
R2筆者の考えに合うのはどれか。
उत्तर: 4 品位を失ってまで勝とうとするべきではない
Line 9 says there is no need to win at the cost of one's dignity. Choice 1 is the opposite of the writer's view, and 2 and 3 are not in the text.
1言い訳をせずに自分のミスを認める姿は( )。
उत्तर: 2 潔い
"Admitting your own mistake without making excuses is gracious." 潔い describes an honest attitude without excuses. 慌ただしい (hectic), 険しい (steep, stern) and 肌寒い (chilly) do not fit.
2社員の個人情報を外に漏らすなど、会社員に( )ことだ。
उत्तर: 1 あるまじき
"Leaking employees' personal information is something unworthy of a company worker." Nにあるまじき + noun means something N must never do. べく (purpose) and 手前 (saving face) don't fit, and あるまい does not come before a noun.
3医師には、命を扱う仕事にふさわしい高い( )が求められる。
उत्तर: 3 倫理
"Doctors are expected to have high ethics suitable for work that deals with life." 倫理 means ethics. 至上 (supreme) modifies nouns, and 不正 (cheating) and 誤差 (margin of error) make no sense here.
4試験に合格せ( )、彼女は毎日十時間勉強した。
उत्तर: 4 んがために
"In order to pass the exam, she studied ten hours every day." んがため follows the ない-stem, and する becomes せんがため. べく would need 合格すべく, まじき needs a noun after it, and ならでは does not follow verbs.
5選手としての誇りを忘れないでほしい。
उत्तर: 1 ほこり
誇り is read ほこり (pride). "I hope you never forget your pride as an athlete."
6うその情報で客を( )ような商売は、長く続かない。
उत्तर: 4 欺く
"A business that deceives customers with false information won't last long." 欺く means to deceive. 挑む (challenge), 惜しむ (regret) and 継ぐ (succeed to) don't fit.
7教師が生徒の前で平気でうそをつくなど、許す( )ことだ。
उत्तर: 2 まじき
"A teacher lying casually in front of students is something that must not be tolerated." V + まじき + noun means a thing one must not do. The other choices cannot connect to こと this way.
8審判をあざむく行為は許されない。
उत्तर: 3 欺く
あざむく is written 欺く. 斯, 期 and 棋 look similar but are different characters. "Deceiving the referee is not allowed."
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