厳しい
きびしい
strict, severe
父は 時間に とても 厳しいです。
My father is very strict about time.
N4 Day 17
You will be able to talk about childhood memories, such as things you were made to do and things you made others do, using the causative and causative-passive forms.
About 25 minutes · 8 words · grammar · reading · quiz
厳しい
きびしい
strict, severe
父は 時間に とても 厳しいです。
My father is very strict about time.
嫌
いや
unpleasant, disliked
寒い 朝は 嫌ですね。
Cold mornings are unpleasant, aren't they?
生徒
せいと
pupil, student (school)
この クラスには 生徒が 二十人 います。
There are twenty students in this class.
運ぶ
はこぶ
to carry, to transport
先輩に 重い 荷物を 運ばされました。
I was made to carry heavy bags by an older student.
部活
ぶかつ
school club activities
妹は 毎日 部活で テニスを して います。
My little sister plays tennis in her school club every day.
中学校
ちゅうがっこう
junior high school
弟は 来年 中学校に 入ります。
My little brother will enter junior high school next year.
自分
じぶん
oneself
自分の 部屋は 自分で 片付けます。
I clean up my own room by myself.
泣く
なく
to cry
弟を 泣かせて、母に 叱られました。
I made my little brother cry and was scolded by my mother.
Causative: make or let someone do ~
The causative shows that someone makes or lets another person do something. (1) Making: the parent makes the child eat vegetables. (2) Letting: allowing someone who wants to do it. It is also used for causing feelings, like 心配させる (make someone worry). Vさせてください politely asks permission for yourself to do something.
母は 弟に 毎日 野菜を 食べさせます。
My mother makes my little brother eat vegetables every day.
部長は 新しい 社員に 会議の 準備を させました。
The department manager had the new employee prepare for the meeting.
Causative-passive: be made to do ~ (against your will)
The causative-passive is the passive of the causative: you were made to do something you didn't want to do. The person who made you do it takes に. It often carries a feeling of reluctance or hardship. For group I verbs, the short form (行かされる) is common, but verbs ending in す use せられる: 話させられる.
子どもの とき、母に 嫌いな 野菜を 食べさせられました。
When I was a child, my mother made me eat vegetables I didn't like.
昨日は 部長に 夜 九時まで 働かされました。
Yesterday my manager made me work until nine at night.
中学校の とき、わたしは サッカー部でした。In junior high school, I was on the soccer team.
部活の コーチは とても 厳しい 人で、生徒に 毎日 グラウンドを 十周 走らせました。The club coach was a very strict person who made the students run ten laps around the field every day.
雨の 日も 走らされたので、わたしは コーチが 嫌でした。We were made to run even on rainy days, so I didn't like the coach.
一年生の わたしは、練習の 後で 重い ボールや 道具を 運ばされました。As a first-year student, I was made to carry heavy balls and equipment after practice.
二年生の とき、わたしの ミスで 大切な 試合に 負けて、泣いて しまいました。In my second year, we lost an important game because of my mistake, and I cried.
その 日、コーチは 何も 言いませんでした。ただ、静かに 泣かせて くれました。That day, the coach didn't say anything. He just quietly let me cry.
今、わたしは 中学校の 先生に なって、サッカー部の コーチを して います。Now I have become a junior high school teacher, and I coach the soccer team.
生徒たちに グラウンドを 走らせると、みんな「嫌だなあ。コーチは 厳しいよ」と 言います。When I make the students run around the field, they all say, "I hate this. Coach is strict."
中学生の ときの 自分と 同じなので、笑って しまいます。走らされた 毎日は、今では いい 思い出です。They are just like me in junior high, so I can't help laughing. The days I was made to run are now good memories.
Tap a line to see the translation.
R1一年生の とき、「わたし」は 練習の 後で どう しましたか。
Answer: 2 重い 道具を 運ばされました。
The text says that as a first-year student, the writer was made to carry heavy balls and equipment after practice. Making students run is what the coach, and now the writer, does.
R2今の「わたし」に ついて、合って いる ものは どれですか。
Answer: 4 生徒たちの 言葉を 聞いて、笑って しまいます。
Now the writer is the coach. When the students complain that the coach is strict, the writer laughs because they are just like the writer used to be.
1山田先生は 宿題を 忘れると すごく 怒るので、( )先生だと 言われて います。
Answer: 2 厳しい
Mr. Yamada gets very angry when students forget homework, so people say he is a strict teacher. 厳しい means strict.
2先生は 生徒に 大きな 声で 本を( )。
Answer: 4 読ませました
The teacher made the students read the book aloud. The teacher makes someone do it, so the causative 読ませました. The causative of 読む is 読ませる, not 読みさせる. 読まされました is used when the students are the subject.
3この 机は 重いので、二人で( )ましょう。
Answer: 1 運び
This desk is heavy, so let's carry it together. 運ぶ means to carry.
4わたしは 子どもの とき、母に 毎日 ピアノを( )。本当は 練習したく なかったです。
Answer: 3 練習させられました
As a child, I was made to practice the piano every day by my mother. I didn't really want to practice. With わたしは母に, the causative-passive 練習させられました is correct. 練習させました would mean I made my mother practice.
5息子が「友だちの 家に 行きたい」と 言ったので、行( )。
Answer: 1 かせました
My son said he wanted to go to his friend's house, so I let him go. The causative 行かせました can also mean letting someone do something.
6毎日 宿題が 多くて、もう( )に なりました。
Answer: 3 嫌
There is a lot of homework every day, and I have gotten sick of it. 嫌になる means to become fed up.
7会社の 飲み会で、部長に 歌を( )。本当は 歌いたく なかったです。
Answer: 4 歌わされました
At the company party, I was made to sing by the manager. I didn't really want to sing. 歌わされました (was made to sing) fits; 歌われました would mean the manager sang.
8この 箱を 二階まで 運んで ください。
Answer: 2 はこんで
運ぶ is read はこぶ (to carry). うん is the reading in 運動. The sentence means "Please carry this box to the second floor."
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