N5 Grammar 55/60

〜に行きます(目的)

go / come (somewhere) to do ~ (purpose)

Formation

  • Vます形 + に + 行きます/来ます/帰ります
  • N(買い物・勉強・旅行 など) + に + 行きます/来ます/帰ります

Explanation

This pattern gives the purpose of going, coming or returning: what you go there to do. Take ます off the verb and add に: 見ます → 見に 行きます (go to see). Nouns that name an activity, such as 買い物 (shopping), 勉強 (study), 旅行 (travel) and 散歩 (a walk), take に directly. The destination is marked with へ or に, and the usual order is: place へ + purpose に + 行きます.

Examples

  • 日曜日にちようびに 友ともだちと 映画えいがを 見みに 行いきます。

    I'm going to see a movie with a friend on Sunday.

  • 昨日きのう 母ははと デパートへ 買かい物ものに 行いきました。

    Yesterday I went shopping at the department store with my mother.

  • 私わたしは 日本にほんへ 日本語にほんごを 勉強べんきょうしに 来きました。

    I came to Japan to study Japanese.

  • 昼ひるごはんを 食たべに うちへ 帰かえります。

    I'm going home to eat lunch.

Notes

Do not use the dictionary form or the て-form (not 見るに 行きます or 見てに 行きます); use the verb without ます. This pattern is used with verbs of movement such as 行く, 来る and 帰る.

Related grammar

Mini quiz

1郵便局ゆうびんきょくへ 切手きってを(  )に 行いきます。

Answer and explanation

Answer: 2 買かい

"I'm going to the post office to buy stamps." Before the に of purpose, use the verb without ます: 買います → 買いに 行きます. The dictionary form, て-form and た-form cannot be used here.

2日曜日にちようびに 友ともだちが うちへ 遊あそび(  ) 来きます。

Answer and explanation

Answer: 3 に

"On Sunday a friend is coming to my house to hang out." The purpose of 来ます is shown by the verb without ます + に: 遊びに 来ます. へ marks a place, not a purpose, and を and で cannot mark the purpose either.

3私わたしは 図書館としょかんへ 本ほん __ __ _★_ __。

Answer and explanation

Answer: 1 に

The correct order is 2→4→1→3: 私は 図書館へ 本を 借りに 行きます (I'm going to the library to borrow a book). に follows 借り (借ります without ます) to show the purpose, so ★ is に.

Practice this in N5 · Day 28

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