Formação
- N1(時間・場所) + から + N2(時間・場所) + まで
- N(時間・場所) + から
- N(時間・場所) + まで
Explicação
から marks the starting time or starting place, and まで marks the ending time or the place you go as far as. Both work with time and with place. They are used with a verb (九時から 五時まで 働きます, I work from nine to five) or directly before です (九時から 五時までです). You can use から alone or まで alone. Do not add the time particle に (✕ 九時にから).
Exemplos
銀行は 九時から 三時までです。
The bank is open from nine to three.
うちから 駅まで バスで 行きます。
I go from my house to the station by bus.
毎晩 十一時まで 勉強します。
I study until eleven every night.
A: 夏休みは いつからですか。
B: 七月 二十一日からです。A: When does summer vacation start? B: It starts on July 21.
Observações
まで means that something continues up to that time; it is different from までに, which gives a deadline (by). から is also used to say where you are from, as in アメリカから 来ました. から has another use that gives a reason (because).
Gramática relacionada
Miniquiz
1昼休みは 十二時( ) 一時までです。
Resposta e explicação
Resposta: 1 から
"The lunch break is from twelve to one." 一時まで gives the end, so the starting time 十二時 takes から. The pair 〜から〜まで shows the start and the end; に, で and を cannot be used here.
2東京から 大阪( ) 電車で 行きます。
Resposta e explicação
Resposta: 3 まで
"I go from Tokyo to Osaka by train." 東京から is the starting place, so the place you go as far as, 大阪, takes まで. から cannot be used twice, and を and で do not mark the end point.
3A: 仕事は ( )ですか。
B: 六時までです。
Resposta e explicação
Resposta: 2 何時まで
B answers "Until six," giving the ending time, so A asks 何時までですか (Until what time is your work?). 何時から asks about the starting time, and どこ asks about a place.