N5 Grammar 13/60

〜に(時間)

At / on / in: marks when an action happens

Formation

  • N(時刻・曜日・日付・月・年) + に + V
  • 今日・明日・毎日・来週・いつ など + V(「に」をつけない)

Explanation

に after a time word shows when an action happens. Use に with time words that contain a number: clock times (七時に), dates (五日に), months (四月に) and years (2026年に). With days of the week, に is optional (日曜日に or 日曜日). Do not use に with words such as 今日, 明日, 毎朝, 来週 and 去年. To ask, use 何時に, 何曜日に, or いつ (without に).

Examples

  • 私わたしは 毎朝まいあさ 六時ろくじに 起おきます。

    I get up at six every morning.

  • 日曜日にちようびに 友達ともだちの うちへ 行いきます。

    I'm going to my friend's house on Sunday.

  • A: 毎晩まいばん 何時なんじに 寝ねますか。
    B: 十一時じゅういちじに 寝ねます。

    A: What time do you go to bed every night? B: I go to bed at eleven.

  • 七月しちがつ 二十日はつかに 国くにへ 帰かえります。

    I'm going back to my home country on July 20.

Notes

明日に 行きます and 毎日に 勉強します are wrong; say 明日 行きます without に. When you add ごろ (around), as in 六時ごろ, に can be left out.

Related grammar

Mini quiz

1私わたしは 毎晩まいばん 十時じゅうじ(  ) 寝ねます。

Answer and explanation

Answer: 3 に

"I go to bed at ten every night." 十時 is the time of the action, and time words with a number take に. で, を and へ cannot mark the time of an action.

2私わたしは (  ) 銀行ぎんこうへ 行いきます。

Answer and explanation

Answer: 2 月曜日げつようびに

"I'm going to the bank on Monday." Days of the week can take に, so 月曜日に is correct. 今日 (today), 毎日 (every day) and 明日 (tomorrow) are used without に.

3A: (  ) 国くにへ 帰かえりますか。
B: 八月はちがつに 帰かえります。

Answer and explanation

Answer: 1 いつ

B answers "I'm going back in August," so A is asking "When are you going back to your country?" いつ is used without に. 何時に asks for a clock time, which does not match 八月, and どこに asks about a place.

Practice this in N5 · Day 7

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