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N3 Dia 6

よく寝ることだ Just get enough sleep

Learn to give advice with ことだ, and to say "that's how things are" or "I used to ~" with ものだ.

Cerca de 25 minutos · 8 palavras · gramática · leitura · quiz

Palavras de hoje

健康

けんこう

health; healthy

健康けんこうのために、毎朝まいあさ野菜やさいジュースを飲のんでいます。

I drink vegetable juice every morning for my health.

睡眠

すいみん

sleep

試験しけんの前まえの日ひは、しっかり睡眠すいみんをとることだ。

The day before an exam, the best thing is to get good sleep.

運動

うんどう

exercise

週しゅうに二回にかい、ジムで運動うんどうしています。

I exercise at the gym twice a week.

体重

たいじゅう

body weight

お正月しょうがつに食たべすぎて、体重たいじゅうが増ふえてしまった。

I ate too much over New Year's and gained weight.

体力

たいりょく

physical strength; stamina

山やまに登のぼるには、体力たいりょくが必要ひつようです。

You need stamina to climb mountains.

続ける

つづける

to continue; to keep doing

日本語にほんごが上手じょうずになりたいなら、毎日まいにち勉強べんきょうを続つづけることだ。

If you want to get good at Japanese, the key is to keep studying every day.

十分

じゅうぶん

enough; sufficient

時間じかんは十分じゅうぶんあるから、急いそぐことはないよ。

We have plenty of time, so there's no need to hurry.

規則正しい

きそくただしい

regular; orderly

子こどもは、規則きそく正ただしい生活せいかつをするべきだ。

Children should live a regular, orderly life.

Gramática de hoje

〜ことだ

You should ~ / the best thing is to ~ (advice)

Formação
  • V辞書形 + ことだ
  • Vない形 + ないことだ

Used to give advice: "the best thing to do is ~" or "it is important to ~." It sounds firm and personal, so it is usually said by someone in a higher position, such as a teacher to a student or a senior to a junior. 〜ないことだ means "you should not ~." In conversation you often hear 〜ことだね or 〜ことですよ.

Exemplos

  • 日本語にほんごが上手じょうずになりたければ、毎日まいにち少すこしでも話はなすことだ。

    If you want to get good at Japanese, you should speak it every day, even just a little.

  • 試験しけんの前まえの日ひは、あまり遅おそくまで起おきていないことだ。

    The day before an exam, you shouldn't stay up too late.

Explicação completa e quiz →

〜ものだ

That's how it is / one should ~ / used to ~

Formação
  • V辞書形 + ものだ
  • Vない形 + ないものだ
  • いA + ものだ
  • なA + な + ものだ
  • Vた形 + ものだ(昔のことを思い出す)

There are three main uses. (1) A general truth about the nature of people or things: "that's just how it is." (2) What one should do by common sense; the negative is 〜ないものだ. (3) With the ta-form, remembering with nostalgia something you often did in the past, often with よく or 子どものころは.

Exemplos

  • 新あたらしい仕事しごとは、最初さいしょはだれでも大変たいへんなものだ。

    A new job is hard for anyone at first.

  • 楽たのしい時間じかんは、すぐに過すぎてしまうものだ。

    Fun times always pass quickly.

Explicação completa e quiz →

Leitura

疲れやすいアリさん Ali gets tired easily

アリ最近さいきん、すぐ疲つかれるんです。駅えきの階段かいだんだけで疲つかれてしまって。体力たいりょくがなくなったんでしょうか。Lately I get tired so quickly. Even the stairs at the station wear me out. Have I lost my stamina?

佐藤毎晩まいばん、何時間なんじかんぐらい寝ねているの?How many hours do you sleep every night?

アリ夜中よなかまでゲームをしてしまうので、四時間よじかんぐらいです。I end up playing games until the middle of the night, so about four hours.

佐藤それじゃ疲つかれるよ。健康けんこうのためには、まず十分じゅうぶんな睡眠すいみんをとることだね。No wonder you're tired. For your health, the first thing is to get enough sleep.

アリ運動うんどうもしたほうがいいですよね。体重たいじゅうも少すこし増ふえたし。I should exercise too, right? I've also put on a little weight.

佐藤うん。でも、急きゅうにたくさんやらないで、少すこしずつ続つづけることだよ。毎日まいにち歩あるくだけでも違ちがうから。Yes. But don't suddenly do a lot. Keep it up little by little. Even just walking every day makes a difference.

アリ分わかりました。佐藤さとうさんはいつも規則きそく正ただしい生活せいかつをしていて、すごいですね。Got it. You always live such a regular life, Sato. That's amazing.

佐藤いやいや。若わかいころは、だれでも無理むりをするものだよ。わたしも学生がくせいのときは、よく朝あさまでゲームをしたものだ。Oh, no. Everyone pushes too hard when they're young. When I was a student, I often played games until morning too.

アリえっ、佐藤さとうさんも?What? You too, Sato?

佐藤うん。それで試験しけんの日ひに寝坊ねぼうして、大変たいへんだったんだ。だから今いまは、ゲームは夜よる十時じゅうじまでと決きめているんだよ。Yes. Then I overslept on the day of an exam, and it was really tough. So now I've made a rule: games only until 10 p.m.

Toque em uma frase para ver a tradução.

Teste sua compreensão

R1佐藤さとうさんは、アリさんにまず何なにをするように言いったか。

Resposta e explicação

Resposta: 1 十分じゅうぶんに寝ねること

Sato says the first thing is to get enough sleep. About exercise, Sato says not to do a lot suddenly.

R2佐藤さとうさんについて、会話かいわの内容ないように合あうものはどれか。

Resposta e explicação

Resposta: 4 学生がくせいのころ、朝あさまでゲームをしたことがある

Sato says, "When I was a student, I often played games until morning." Sato still plays games now, until 10 p.m., so 3 is wrong.

Quiz

1最近さいきん運動うんどうをしていないので、（　　）が落おちてきた。

Resposta e explicação

Resposta: 1 体力たいりょく

"I haven't exercised lately, so my stamina has gone down." 体力が落ちる is the natural phrase.

2夜よる遅おそくまでスマホを見みていると、（　　）時間じかんが短みじかくなる。

Resposta e explicação

Resposta: 3 睡眠すいみん

"If you look at your phone until late at night, your sleeping time gets shorter." 睡眠時間 means hours of sleep.

3毎日まいにち同おなじ時間じかんに寝ねて、同おなじ時間じかんに起おきる（　　）生活せいかつをしている。

Resposta e explicação

Resposta: 2 規則きそく正ただしい

"I live a regular life, going to bed and getting up at the same time every day." That is 規則正しい (regular, orderly).

4上手じょうずになりたかったら、毎日まいにち練習れんしゅうする（　　）。

Resposta e explicação

Resposta: 4 ことだ

"If you want to get better, the key is to practice every day." This is advice, so ことだ fits.

5子こどものころは、よくこの川かわで泳およいだ（　　）。

Resposta e explicação

Resposta: 2 ものだ

"When I was a child, I often used to swim in this river." Vた + ものだ shows fond memories of what you used to do.

6人ひとはだれでも、失敗しっぱいする（　　）。だから、気きにしなくていいよ。

Resposta e explicação

Resposta: 1 ものだ

"Everyone makes mistakes. So don't worry about it." ものだ states a general truth. ことだ would be advice to fail, which makes no sense.

7A「日本語にほんごの作文さくぶんが、なかなか上手じょうずに書かけないんです。」
B「まずは、日本語にほんごの本ほんをたくさん（　　）ことだよ。」

Resposta e explicação

Resposta: 3 読よむ

"I can't write Japanese compositions well." "First, the best thing is to read a lot of Japanese books." Advice ことだ follows the dictionary form: 読むことだ.

8毎晩まいばん睡眠を八時間はちじかんとっています。

Resposta e explicação

Resposta: 4 すいみん

睡眠 is read すいみん (sleep). The sentence means "I get eight hours of sleep every night."

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