Japatan
Formação
- N1 + より + N2 + のほうが + いA／なA + です
- N2 + は + N1 + より + いA／なA + です
- N1 + と + N2 + と、どちらが + いA／なA + ですか
Explicação
Use this to compare two things. A より B のほうが ~ means "B is more ~ than A": より marks the thing you compare against (like than), and のほうが marks the one that is more so. Japanese adjectives have no comparative form, so the adjective stays as it is. You can also say B は A より ~です. To ask, say A と B と、どちらが ~ですか; answer B のほうが ~です, or どちらも ~です if they are the same.
Exemplos
バスより 電車の ほうが 速いです。
The train is faster than the bus.
私は 肉より 魚の ほうが 好きです。
I like fish better than meat.
今日は 昨日より 寒いです。
Today is colder than yesterday.
A「夏と 冬と、どちらが 好きですか。」
B「冬の ほうが 好きです。」A: Which do you like better, summer or winter? B: I like winter better.
Observações
より goes after the thing you compare against: in バスより 電車のほうが 速い, the faster one is the train. When asking about two things, use どちら (casual: どっち), not どれ.
Gramática relacionada
Miniquiz
1この かばんは あの かばん（ ） 軽いです。
Resposta e explicação
Resposta: 1 より
"This bag is lighter than that bag." In A は B より ~です, より follows the thing you compare against. ほうが would need の before it, and まで and と do not express comparison.
2A「コーヒーと 紅茶と、（ ）が 好きですか。」
B「紅茶の ほうが 好きです。」
Resposta e explicação
Resposta: 2 どちら
A asks "Which do you like better, coffee or tea?" When you compare two things, the question word is どちら. どれ is for choosing among three or more, and 何 and どこ do not fit the pattern A と B と、〜.
3私の 部屋 ＿＿ ＿＿ ＿★＿ ＿＿ 広いです。
Resposta e explicação
Resposta: 4 部屋の
The correct order is 2→3→4→1: 私の 部屋より 兄の 部屋の ほうが 広いです (My older brother's room is bigger than my room). The pattern is A より B の ほうが ~, so ★ is 部屋の.
