Japatan
Formação
- Vない形(〜ない を取る) + ずにはいられない
- する → せずにはいられない
Explicação
Means one's feelings are so strong that one cannot hold back and ends up doing something. It is often used with actions that come from emotion, like laughing, crying, saying or buying. Remove ない from the ない-form and add ずにはいられない; する becomes せずにはいられない. 〜ないではいられない has the same meaning. Unlike 〜ざるを得ない (forced by outside circumstances), the cause here is an inner feeling.
Exemplos
この映画の最後の場面を見ると、泣かずにはいられない。
Whenever I watch the last scene of this movie, I can't help crying.
課長の話があまりにおもしろくて、会議中なのに笑わずにはいられなかった。
The section chief's story was so funny that I couldn't help laughing, even in the middle of the meeting.
駅で困っている旅行者を見ると、声をかけずにはいられない。
When I see a traveler in trouble at the station, I can't help speaking to them.
試験に合格したと聞いて、すぐに家族に電話せずにはいられなかった。
When I heard I had passed the exam, I couldn't help calling my family right away.
Observações
It describes the speaker's own feelings. For other people, add ようだ or そうだ. When something is forced by rules or circumstances, use ざるを得ない instead.
Gramática relacionada
Miniquiz
1山の上から見た景色があまりにきれいで、何枚も写真を撮ら（ ）。
Resposta e explicação
Resposta: 1 ずにはいられなかった
"The view from the mountaintop was so beautiful that I couldn't help taking many photos." The action comes from strong feeling, so ずにはいられなかった fits. ないことはなかった is a hesitant yes and does not match.
2危ない運転をしている友達を見て、注意（ ）。
Resposta e explicação
Resposta: 3 せずにはいられなかった
"Seeing my friend driving dangerously, I couldn't help warning him." With する, the form is せずにはいられない. The other forms do not exist.
3「ずにはいられない」の使い方が正しい文はどれですか。
Resposta e explicação
Resposta: 2 友達の話がひどくて、一言言わずにはいられなかった。
2 means "My friend's story was so outrageous that I couldn't help saying something." 1 and 3 are forced by rules or circumstances, so ざるを得ない is needed. 4 is about weather, not a feeling.
