N1 19일차

言ったからには Since I said it

With the theme of cutting a town's garbage, learn 〜手前 (since I said it, I can't back down) and 〜べく (in order to, formal). Then read about a neighborhood leader who made a public promise.

약 25분 · 단어 8개 · 문법 · 읽기 · 퀴즈

오늘의 단어

削減

さくげん

reduction, cut

会社かいしゃは経費けいひを二割にわり削減さくげんした。

The company cut its expenses by 20 percent.

啓発

けいはつ

raising awareness, enlightenment

市しは節水せっすいの啓発けいはつのために、ポスターを作つくった。

The city made posters to raise awareness about saving water.

呼びかける

よびかける

to call on, to appeal to

駅員えきいんが乗客じょうきゃくに注意ちゅういを呼よびかけている。

A station worker is calling on passengers to be careful.

率先

そっせん

taking the lead, setting an example

店長てんちょうは毎朝まいあさ率先そっせんして店みせの前まえを掃除そうじしている。

The store manager takes the lead in cleaning the front of the store every morning.

公言する

こうげんする

to declare publicly

優勝ゆうしょうすると公言こうげんした手前てまえ、負まけるわけにはいかない。

Since I publicly declared that I would win, I can't afford to lose.

抑制

よくせい

control, restraint, suppression

町まちは騒音そうおんを抑制よくせいするため、夜よるの工事こうじを禁止きんしした。

The town banned construction at night to keep noise down.

廃棄

はいき

disposal, throwing away

売うれ残のこったパンを廃棄はいきせずにすむ方法ほうほうを考かんがえた。

We thought of a way to avoid throwing away unsold bread.

取り組み

とりくみ

effort, initiative

学校がっこうの節電せつでんの取とり組くみが新聞しんぶんで紹介しょうかいされた。

The school's effort to save electricity was featured in the newspaper.

오늘의 문법

〜手前

Having done ~ / in front of ~, (I must keep face)

접속

V辞書形 + 手前
Vた形 + 手前
Vている + 手前
N + の + 手前

Means "since I have said/done ~" or "in front of ~." It expresses that, to keep face or stay consistent with one's position, one must (or cannot) do something. It is often followed by 〜わけにはいかない, 〜しかない, or 〜なければならない. It is also used with people, as in 子どもの手前 (in front of the children).

예문

自分じぶんから手伝てつだうと言いった手前てまえ、今いまさら断ことわるわけにはいかない。

Since I offered to help myself, I can't say no now.
子こどもの手前てまえ、親おやが信号しんごうを無視むしするわけにはいかない。

In front of their children, parents can't ignore traffic lights.

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〜べく

In order to ~ (formal, written)

접속

V辞書形 + べく
する → するべく / すべく

A formal, written expression of purpose: "in order to ~" or "with the intention of ~." It follows the dictionary form of a volitional verb; する often becomes すべく. It describes someone acting by their own will, and is not followed by requests, orders, or invitations. It appears in news, reports, and novels.

예문

留学りゅうがくの費用ひようを貯ためるべく、彼かれは毎晩まいばんアルバイトをしている。

He works part-time every night to save money for studying abroad.
新あたらしい市場しじょうを開拓かいたくすべく、社長しゃちょう自みずから海外かいがいへ向むかった。

To open up a new market, the president himself headed overseas.

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읽기

후리가나 해석

会長の宣言 The president's declaration

「今年ことしこそ、町まちのごみを半分はんぶんにします」。春はるの集あつまりで、町内会長ちょうないかいちょうの田中たなかさんはそう公言こうげんした。"This year, we will cut the town's garbage in half." At the spring meeting, Mr. Tanaka, the neighborhood association president, declared this publicly.

みんなの前まえで言いった手前てまえ、まずは自分じぶんが率先そっせんして動うごかなければならない。Since he had said it in front of everyone, he had to be the first to take action himself.

田中たなかさんは目標もくひょうを達成たっせいすべく、毎朝まいあさごみ置おき場ばに立たって、住民じゅうみんに分別ぶんべつを呼よびかけ始はじめた。In order to reach the goal, Mr. Tanaka began standing at the garbage collection point every morning, calling on residents to sort their trash.

啓発けいはつのためのポスターも手作てづくりして、町まちの掲示板けいじばんに貼はった。He also made awareness posters by hand and put them up on the town's bulletin boards.

ごみの量りょうを抑制よくせいするには、食たべ物ものの廃棄はいきを減へらすことも大切たいせつだ。そこで「買かいすぎない・作つくりすぎない」という取とり組くみも紹介しょうかいした。To keep the amount of garbage down, it is also important to throw away less food. So he also introduced an effort called "Don't buy too much, don't cook too much."

三さんか月後げつご、町まちのごみは三割さんわり削減さくげんされた。Three months later, the town's garbage had been cut by 30 percent.

ところが、ごみ袋ぶくろが前まえより大おおきくなった家いえが一軒いっけんだけあった。田中たなかさんの家いえだ。However, there was just one house whose garbage bags had gotten bigger than before. It was Mr. Tanaka's house.

何枚なんまいも書かき直なおしたポスターの紙かみくずが、山やまのようにたまっていたのだ。Scraps of paper from posters he had rewritten again and again had piled up like a mountain.

孫まごに「おじいちゃんの家いえが一番いちばんごみを出だしてるよ」と言いわれ、田中たなかさんは頭あたまをかいた。When his grandchild told him, "Grandpa, your house is putting out the most garbage," Mr. Tanaka scratched his head in embarrassment.

今度こんどこそ家いえのごみも減へらすべく、次つぎのお知しらせは町まちのホームページに載のせることにしたそうだ。This time, in order to reduce his own household's garbage as well, he has reportedly decided to post the next notice on the town's website.

문장을 탭하면 해석이 나와요.

내용 확인

R1田中たなかさんが毎朝まいあさごみ置おき場ばに立たったのは、なぜか。

정답과 해설

정답: 2 町まちのごみを半分はんぶんにするという目標もくひょうを達成たっせいするため

Line 3 says he stood at the garbage point every morning すべく, in order to reach the goal. The goal, in line 1, is to cut the town's garbage in half.

R2田中たなかさんの家いえのごみが増ふえたのは、なぜか。

정답과 해설

정답: 4 ポスターを何枚なんまいも書かき直なおしたから

Line 8 says the paper scraps from posters he rewrote many times had piled up. The joke is that his campaign to reduce garbage increased his own garbage.

퀴즈

1電気でんきの使用量しようりょうを（　　）するため、夜よるは照明しょうめいを半分はんぶんにしている。

정답과 해설

정답: 3 抑制よくせい

"We use half the lights at night to keep electricity use down." 抑制する means to hold something down. 啓発 (raise awareness), 公言 (declare) and 率先 (take the lead) cannot take 使用量 as their object.

2みんなの前まえで「毎日まいにち走はしる」と言いった（　　）、雨あめの日ひでも休やすむわけにはいかない。

정답과 해설

정답: 2 手前てまえ

"Since I said 'I'll run every day' in front of everyone, I can't take a day off even when it rains." 手前 means you can't back down because others are watching. べく needs the dictionary form, をもって doesn't follow verbs, and が早いか (as soon as) doesn't fit.

3市しは駅前えきまえで、自転車じてんしゃを決きめられた場所ばしょに止とめるよう住民じゅうみんに（　　）。

정답과 해설

정답: 1 呼よびかけた

"In front of the station, the city called on residents to park bicycles in the designated places." 呼びかける means to appeal to people to do something. The other words are used for things or amounts, not for asking people.

4自分じぶんの店みせを（　　）、兄あには毎晩まいばんパン作づくりの練習れんしゅうをしている。

정답과 해설

정답: 4 開ひらくべく

"In order to open his own shop, my brother practices baking bread every night." べく follows the dictionary form (する becomes すべく). べき needs a noun or だ after it, so it cannot end the clause here.

5古ふるくなった机つくえを廃棄した。

정답과 해설

정답: 2 はいき

廃棄 is read はいき. "I threw away the old desk."

6部長ぶちょうが（　　）して休やすみを取とるので、部下ぶかも休やすみやすくなった。

정답과 해설

정답: 4 率先そっせん

"Because the manager takes the lead in taking days off, his staff find it easier to take time off too." 率先して means doing something first to set an example.

7子こどもの（　　）、親おやが赤信号あかしんごうで道みちを渡わたるわけにはいかない。

정답과 해설

정답: 3 手前てまえ

"With the children watching, a parent can't cross on a red light." Nの手前 means "in front of N, to save face." べく and ならでは cannot follow の, and をよそに attaches to a noun without の.

8会社かいしゃは紙かみの使用量しようりょうをさくげんする目標もくひょうを立たてた。

정답과 해설

정답: 1 削減

さくげん is written 削減, from 削る (cut) and 減る (decrease). "The company set a goal to cut its paper use."

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