Japatan
Formation
- V辞書形 + ように
- Vない形 + ように
- V可能形 + ように
Explanation
A you ni B means you do B so that the state A will come about. A is often a non-volitional verb like mieru, kikoeru, wakaru or naoru, a potential form, or a negative. Tame ni is used when A is the subject's own deliberate action; you ni is used when A is something that happens by itself or something someone else does.
Examples
後ろの 人にも 聞こえるように、大きい 声で 話して ください。
Please speak loudly so that the people in the back can hear too.
会議に 遅れないように、早く 家を 出ました。
I left home early so that I wouldn't be late for the meeting.
子どもでも 読めるように、漢字に ふりがなを 書きました。
I wrote furigana over the kanji so that even children can read it.
風邪が 早く 治るように、暖かく して 寝ます。
I'll keep warm and sleep so that my cold gets better quickly.
Notes
When the purpose is the subject's own deliberate action, use tame ni (kuruma o kau tame ni, not kau you ni). You ni naru and you ni suru are separate patterns.
Related grammar
Mini quiz
1忘れない（ ）、手に メモを 書きました。
Answer and explanation
Answer: 3 ように
'I wrote a note on my hand so that I wouldn't forget.' The goal is not forgetting, so you ni fits. Node does not make sense, and wasurenai nagara and wasurenai te mo are not correct forms.
2後ろの 席からも 字が（ ）ように、大きく 書きます。
Answer and explanation
Answer: 1 見える
'I write in large letters so that the characters can be seen from the back seats too.' After ji ga, the verb must be mieru (be visible). Miru and miseru do not fit with ji ga, and you ni does not follow the past form.
3「ように」の 使い方が 正しい 文は どれですか。
Answer and explanation
Answer: 4 みんなに 聞こえる ように、マイクを 使います。
Sentence 4, 'I use a microphone so that everyone can hear', is correct. 1 is a deliberate action, so it needs tame ni. 2 makes no sense. In 3, purpose you ni does not follow a na-adjective.
