散らかす
ちらかす
to make a mess; to scatter
弟はいつも部屋を散らかしたまま出かける。
My younger brother always goes out leaving his room in a mess.
N1 Día 2
Today you will learn 〜なり and 〜そばから. You will read an essay about everyday life raising a child, where the house gets messy no matter how often you tidy up.
Unos 25 minutos · 8 palabras · gramática · lectura · quiz
散らかす
ちらかす
to make a mess; to scatter
弟はいつも部屋を散らかしたまま出かける。
My younger brother always goes out leaving his room in a mess.
根気
こんき
patience; perseverance
植物を種から育てるには根気が要る。
Growing plants from seed takes patience.
際限
さいげん
limit; end
人の欲には際限がない。
There is no limit to human desire.
懲りる
こりる
to learn one's lesson (from a bad experience)
一度失敗して懲りたので、今は必ず確認している。
I learned my lesson after failing once, so now I always double-check.
口癖
くちぐせ
pet phrase; habitual saying
「忙しい」が父の口癖だ。
'I'm busy' is my father's pet phrase.
甘やかす
あまやかす
to spoil; to indulge
子どもを甘やかしすぎるのはよくない。
It's not good to spoil children too much.
呆れる
あきれる
to be amazed (in a bad way); to be fed up
彼の言い訳には、みんな呆れてしまった。
Everyone was appalled by his excuse.
寝付く
ねつく
to fall asleep
昨夜は暑くて、なかなか寝付けなかった。
Last night it was so hot that I couldn't fall asleep for a long time.
As soon as A, (someone) suddenly did B
A なり B means that someone did B right after doing A. B is often a surprising or unusual action. A and B are done by the same person, usually a third person rather than the speaker. B is a past fact, so it cannot be an intention, command or plan.
息子は家に 帰るなり、自分の部屋に入ってしまった。
As soon as my son got home, he went straight into his room.
部長は報告書を 読むなり、顔を真っ赤にして怒り出した。
The moment the manager read the report, he turned red and started shouting.
As soon as A is done, B undoes it (repeatedly)
A そばから B means that no sooner is A done than B happens and undoes it, again and again. Typical situations are tidying up only for things to get messy at once, or learning words only to forget them. It often carries a feeling of frustration. It is not used for a single, one-time event.
片付けるそばから、子どもがおもちゃを出してしまう。
No sooner do I tidy up than the kids pull their toys out again.
新しい単語は 覚えるそばから 忘れていく。
I forget new words as soon as I learn them.
昨日も、五歳の息子は保育園から帰ってくるなり、おもちゃ箱をひっくり返した。Yesterday, too, my five-year-old son turned the toy box upside down the moment he came home from nursery school.
電車にブロック、絵本にぬいぐるみ。息子はあっという間に居間を散らかしてしまう。Trains and blocks, picture books and stuffed animals. He makes a mess of the living room in no time.
おかげで「片づけなさい」が私の口癖になった。Thanks to him, 'Tidy up!' has become my pet phrase.
しかし、私が片づけるそばから、息子はまた別のおもちゃを広げる。これでは際限がない。But as soon as I tidy up, my son spreads out other toys again. At this rate, there's no end to it.
何度注意しても懲りないので、正直、呆れてしまうこともある。No matter how many times I tell him off, he never learns his lesson, so honestly, sometimes I'm just fed up.
妻は「あなたが甘やかすからよ」と言うが、叱ってばかりいるのも気が引ける。My wife says, 'It's because you spoil him,' but I don't feel right scolding him all the time, either.
子育てには根気が要るものだと、つくづく思う。I keenly feel that raising a child really takes patience.
そんな息子も、夜は布団に入るなり寝付いてしまった。静かになった居間で、私は一人でおもちゃを拾った。Even so, at night my son fell asleep the moment he got into bed. In the now quiet living room, I picked up the toys by myself.
ところが翌朝、思わぬことが起きた。The next morning, however, something unexpected happened.
私の机を見た息子が、腰に手を当ててこう言ったのだ。「パパ、片づけなさい」。My son looked at my desk, put his hands on his hips, and said, 'Daddy, tidy up!'
机の上では、読みかけの本と書類が山になっていた。私の口癖は、ちゃんと伝わっていたらしい。On my desk, half-read books and papers were piled up high. It seems my pet phrase had gotten through to him after all.
Toca una línea para ver la traducción.
R1筆者が「際限がない」と感じているのは、どんなことか。
Respuesta: 2 片づけても、息子がすぐにまたおもちゃを広げること
The text says, 'As soon as I tidy up, my son spreads out other toys again. At this rate, there's no end to it.' 1 is wrong because the son fell asleep the moment he got into bed.
R2翌朝、どんなことが起きたか。
Respuesta: 3 息子が、筆者がいつも言っていることばを筆者に言った。
Seeing the writer's messy desk, the son said, 'Daddy, tidy up!' This is the writer's own pet phrase.
1千ピースのパズルを完成させるには、かなりの( )が要る。
Respuesta: 2 根気
The sentence means 'Completing a 1,000-piece puzzle takes quite a lot of patience.' 根気 is the ability to keep at something. 景気 is the state of the economy, 人気 is popularity, and 湿気 is humidity.
2子どもの「どうして?」は、一つ答えるとまた次の質問が来るので、( )がない。
Respuesta: 4 際限
The sentence means 'A child's whys never end, because when you answer one, the next question comes.' 際限がない means 'endless'. The other choices do not connect with the first half of the sentence.
3祖父母はつい孫を( )、欲しがるものを何でも買ってあげてしまう。
Respuesta: 1 甘やかして
The sentence means 'Grandparents tend to spoil their grandchildren and buy them anything they want.' 甘やかす means to indulge someone. 呆れる and 懲りる cannot take 孫を, and 散らかす is used for things, not people.
4先週寝坊して遅刻したのに、弟は( )また夜更かしをしている。
Respuesta: 3 懲りずに
The sentence means 'Even though he overslept and was late last week, my younger brother is staying up late again without learning his lesson.' 懲りずに means without learning from a bad experience. The others do not connect with 'even though he was late'.
5父は帰宅する( )、何も言わずに自分の部屋に入ってしまった。
Respuesta: 4 なり
The sentence means 'As soon as my father got home, he went into his room without saying a word.' V dictionary form + なり means 'as soon as', often followed by a somewhat surprising action. ものの means 'although', あまり means 'so much that', and ことには is used in patterns like 〜ことには〜ない, so they do not fit.
6最近は、新しい単語を覚える( )忘れてしまう。
Respuesta: 1 そばから
The sentence means 'These days, I forget new words as soon as I learn them.' そばから describes something that happens again and again right after an action. 次第 attaches to the ます stem, and ついでに and 以上 do not fit the meaning.
7「〜なり」の使い方が正しい文はどれか。
Respuesta: 3 彼女はその手紙を読むなり、泣き出した。
Correct: 'As soon as she read the letter, she burst into tears.' なり describes what someone actually did, with the same subject in both parts. It cannot be used with intentions (1, 4) or requests (2).
8弟はまた部屋を散らかしている。
Respuesta: 2 ち
散らかす is read ちらかす. さん is the reading in words like 散歩 (a walk). The sentence means 'My younger brother is making a mess of his room again.'
Aprende las más de 7.500 palabras JLPT con tarjetas, audio y repetición espaciada en la app gratuita Japatan
Descargar en el App Store