撤退
てったい
withdrawal, pulling out
売り上げが伸びず、その会社は海外市場からの撤退を決めた。
Sales did not grow, so the company decided to pull out of overseas markets.
N1 နေ့ 22
Learn words often used in news about prices and local economies. With 〜を余儀なくされる and 〜ずにはおかない, you can describe unavoidable decisions and their inevitable effects.
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撤退
てったい
withdrawal, pulling out
売り上げが伸びず、その会社は海外市場からの撤退を決めた。
Sales did not grow, so the company decided to pull out of overseas markets.
縮小
しゅくしょう
reduction, scaling down
人手不足のため、駅前の店は営業時間を縮小した。
Because of a staff shortage, the shop in front of the station cut its business hours.
高騰
こうとう
sharp rise (in prices)
小麦の値段が高騰し、パンの値上げが相次いでいる。
The price of wheat has soared, and bread prices are going up one after another.
打撃
だげき
blow, damage
長雨は野菜農家に大きな打撃を与えた。
The long spell of rain dealt a heavy blow to vegetable farmers.
波紋
はもん
ripple; repercussions
社長の突然の発言が、社内に波紋を広げた。
The president's sudden remark sent ripples through the company.
余波
よは
aftermath, after-effects
燃料費高騰の余波は、町の銭湯にも及んでいる。
The after-effects of soaring fuel costs have reached even the town's public bathhouse.
是正
ぜせい
correction, putting right
地域による料金の差を是正する必要がある。
The differences in charges between regions need to be corrected.
物議
ぶつぎ
public controversy (物議を醸す: to cause controversy)
新しいロゴは「地味すぎる」と物議を醸した。
The new logo caused controversy for being "too plain."
Be forced to ~ by circumstances
Used when someone has no choice but to do something unwanted because of circumstances beyond their control, such as weather or the economy. It follows an action noun like 中止 (cancellation) or 延期 (postponement). When the cause is the subject, use 〜を余儀なくさせる: "the typhoon forced a change of plans". It is a formal expression found in news and essays.
大雨のため、試合は 延期を余儀なくされた。
Because of the heavy rain, the match had to be postponed.
工場の閉鎖で、多くの社員が 転職を余儀なくされた。
With the factory closing, many employees were forced to change jobs.
Will inevitably cause ~; will surely ~
There are two uses. (1) Something inevitably produces an effect on people or a situation, often with causative verbs or verbs like 呼ぶ and もたらす: 感動させずにはおかない (cannot fail to move people). (2) The speaker's strong determination to do something: 真相を明らかにせずにはおかない (I will get to the bottom of this). Both are formal, written style.
この映画の結末は、見る人を 感動させずにはおかない。
The ending of this film cannot fail to move its viewers.
彼女の率直な発言は、会議で議論を 呼ばずにはおかないだろう。
Her frank remarks are bound to spark debate at the meeting.
県内で六十年続く食品メーカー「みどり製菓」が、今月、事業の縮小を発表した。Midori Seika, a food maker that has been in business in the prefecture for sixty years, announced this month that it would scale down its business.
米や油などの原材料の価格が高騰し、看板商品の醤油せんべいは、作れば作るほど赤字になる状態だったという。The prices of raw materials such as rice and oil had soared, and its flagship soy sauce rice crackers reportedly lost more money the more it made.
同社は、東京の百貨店からの撤退と、工場の生産ラインの半減を余儀なくされた。The company was forced to pull out of department stores in Tokyo and to halve the production lines at its factory.
昨年の値上げの際には、「一枚五十円は高すぎる」とネットで物議を醸したばかりだった。When it raised prices last year, it had just caused controversy online, with people saying fifty yen per cracker was too expensive.
この決定は、地域経済に波紋を広げずにはおかないだろう。This decision is bound to send ripples through the local economy.
同社に米を納める農家や、包装を請け負う印刷所にとって、注文の減少は大きな打撃となる。For the farmers who supply the company with rice and the print shop that handles its packaging, the drop in orders will be a heavy blow.
地元の商工会は、大手スーパーに取引価格の是正を求めていく方針だ。The local chamber of commerce plans to ask large supermarkets to correct their purchase prices.
ところが、余波は思わぬ形でも現れた。However, the after-effects also appeared in an unexpected form.
縮小のニュースが流れるや否や、工場の直売所に客が押し寄せたのだ。The moment the news of the cutback came out, customers flooded into the factory's direct sales shop.
お目当ては、形が悪くて商品にならない「割れせんべい」の袋詰めだ。一袋二百円で、朝九時の開店から一時間で売り切れた。What they wanted was bags of broken rice crackers, which are too misshapen to sell as regular products. At 200 yen a bag, they sold out within an hour of the shop opening at nine in the morning.
社長は「まさか割れたせんべいに助けられるなんて」と苦笑しつつ、来月から販売量を倍にするそうだ。With a wry smile, the president said, "Who would have thought broken crackers would come to our rescue," and plans to double the amount sold from next month.
ဘာသာပြန်ကြည့်ရန် စာကြောင်းကို တို့ပါ။
R1みどり製菓が事業を縮小した主な理由は何か。
အဖြေ: 2 原材料の価格が大きく上がったから
Line 2 says raw material prices soared and the crackers lost more money the more they made. The online criticism was about last year's price rise, not the reason for the cutback.
R2「余波は思わぬ形でも現れた」とあるが、どういうことか。
အဖြေ: 4 ニュースを知った客が直売所に集まり、割れせんべいがすぐ売り切れた。
The next lines say customers flooded into the shop as soon as the news came out, and the broken crackers sold out in an hour. The bad news unexpectedly brought in customers.
1円安の影響で輸入品の価格が( )し、家計を苦しめている。
အဖြေ: 1 高騰
Because of the weak yen, import prices have soared, squeezing household budgets. 高騰する means prices rise sharply. 撤退 and 是正 cannot take a price as the subject, and 波紋 is used as 波紋を広げる.
2利益の出ない地方の店から( )し、都市部に力を集中させる。
အဖြေ: 3 撤退
We will pull out of unprofitable regional stores and focus on cities. 〜から撤退する means to withdraw from a store, market, etc. The other words do not fit the pattern 〜から__する.
3社長のSNSでの発言が( )を醸し、会社は謝罪に追い込まれた。
အဖြေ: 2 物議
The president's remark on social media caused controversy, and the company was forced to apologize. 物議を醸す is a set phrase meaning to stir up public debate. 余波 and 打撃 are not used with 醸す.
4大雪のため、バスは運行の中止を( )。
အဖြေ: 4 余儀なくされた
Because of heavy snow, the buses were forced to stop running. N を余儀なくされる means being forced to do N. The bus is the one affected, so the passive された is correct; 余儀なくさせる takes the cause as its subject.
5この映画の意外な結末は、見る人を驚かせ( )。
အဖြေ: 3 ずにはおかない
The film's unexpected ending is bound to surprise viewers. Vずにはおかない means something will inevitably cause a reaction, often used when a thing or event moves people's feelings.
6その会社は __ __ _★_ __ を余儀なくされた。
အဖြေ: 1 事業の
The order is 4→3→1→2: その会社は原材料費の高騰により事業の縮小を余儀なくされた (The company was forced to scale down its business due to soaring material costs). The ★ is 事業の.
7会社は男女の給料の差を是正することにした。
အဖြေ: 4 ぜせい
是正 is read ぜせい. It means to correct something wrong or unfair. The company decided to correct the pay gap between men and women.
8その発言は社内に大きなはもんを広げた。
အဖြေ: 2 波紋
はもん is written 波紋: ripples on water, and by extension the effects of an event spreading. The remark sent big ripples through the company.
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