N3 19일차

都会と田舎 City and countryside

Learn to express degree with 〜くらい and comparisons with 〜ほど〜ない. Let's compare life in the city and the countryside.

약 25분 · 단어 8개 · 문법 · 읽기 · 퀴즈

오늘의 단어

都会

とかい

city, big town

都会とかいは便利べんりですが、少すこしうるさいです。

The city is convenient, but a little noisy.

田舎

いなか

countryside, rural area

夏休なつやすみは田舎いなかの祖母そぼの家いえで過すごしました。

I spent summer vacation at my grandmother's house in the countryside.

人口

じんこう

population

この町まちの人口じんこうは東京とうきょうほど多おおくありません。

The population of this town is not as large as Tokyo's.

自然

しぜん

nature

週末しゅうまつは自然しぜんの中なかを歩あるくのが好すきです。

On weekends I like walking out in nature.

家賃

やちん

rent

この部屋へやは駅えきに近ちかいので、家賃やちんが高たかいです。

This room is close to the station, so the rent is high.

混む

こむ

to be crowded

朝あさの電車でんしゃは動うごけないくらい混こんでいます。

The morning train is so crowded that you can't move.

不便

ふべん

inconvenient

駅えきから遠とおいので、少すこし不便ふべんです。

It's far from the station, so it's a little inconvenient.

物価

ぶっか

prices, cost of living

この国くには物価ぶっかが安やすくて、暮くらしやすいです。

Prices are low in this country, so it's easy to live in.

오늘의 문법

〜くらい・〜ぐらい

About ~ / so ~ that ~ / at least (something as small as) ~

접속

数量 + くらい・ぐらい
V辞書形 / Vない形 + くらい
いA + くらい
なA + な + くらい
N + くらい
これ・それ・あれ・どれ / この・その・あの・どの + くらい

くらい and ぐらい mean the same. (1) With numbers, they mean "about." (2) They show degree with an example, like ほど: 顔が痛くなるくらい笑った ("laughed so hard my face hurt"). (3) They present something as small or easy: 自分の部屋ぐらい自分で掃除しなさい ("At least clean your own room yourself").

예문

駅えきから会社かいしゃまで、十分じゅっぷんぐらい かかります。

It takes about ten minutes from the station to the office.
友ともだちと話はなして、顔かおが 痛いたくなるくらい 笑わらった。

I talked with my friends and laughed so much my face hurt.

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〜ほど〜ない

Not as ~ as ~

접속

N + ほど + 〜ない
V普通形 + ほど + 〜ない(思ったほど・心配したほどなど)

AはBほど〜ない compares two things and means "A is not as ~ as B," so B has more of the quality. With verbs like 思った or 心配していた, it means "not as ~ as I expected." The predicate after ほど must be negative.

예문

今年ことしの冬ふゆは、去年きょねんほど寒さむくない。

This winter is not as cold as last year's.
私わたしは、兄あにほど上手じょうずに泳およげない。

I can't swim as well as my older brother.

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읽기

후리가나 해석

田舎からのメール An email from the countryside

リンさん、お元気げんきですか。マリアです。都会とかいを出でて田舎いなかの町まちに引ひっ越こしてから、もう一か月いっかげつになりました。Lin, how are you? It's Maria. It's already been a month since I left the city and moved to a town in the countryside.

この町まちは人口じんこうが少すくないので、朝あさの電車でんしゃも座すわれるくらいすいています。This town has a small population, so even the morning train is empty enough that I can get a seat.

家賃やちんは東京とうきょうほど高たかくないので、前まえより広ひろい部屋へやを借かりることができました。Rent isn't as high as in Tokyo, so I was able to rent a bigger room than before.

窓まどを開あけると山やまと川かわが見みえて、自然しぜんが好すきな私わたしには最高さいこうです。When I open the window, I can see mountains and a river. For me, since I love nature, it's the best.

でも、不便ふべんなこともあります。一番いちばん近ちかいスーパーまで、車くるまで二十分にじゅっぷんぐらいかかります。But there are inconvenient things too. It takes about twenty minutes by car to get to the nearest supermarket.

物価ぶっかは少すこし安やすいですが、車くるまのガソリン代だいがかかるので、生活費せいかつひは前まえとあまり変かわりません。Prices are a little lower, but I have to pay for gas for the car, so my living costs are about the same as before.

それに、夜よるは自分じぶんの足音あしおとが聞きこえるくらい静しずかで、最初さいしょは少すこしこわかったです。Also, at night it's so quiet that I can hear my own footsteps, and at first I was a little scared.

東京とうきょうにいたころは、混こんだ電車でんしゃが本当ほんとうに嫌いやでした。でも先週せんしゅう久ひさしぶりに行いったら、あのにぎやかさが少すこし懐なつかしかったです。When I lived in Tokyo, I really hated crowded trains. But when I went back last week for the first time in a while, I missed that liveliness a little.

ぜひ遊あそびに来きてください。駅えきまで迎むかえに行いきます。Please come and visit. I'll pick you up at the station.

ただ、電車でんしゃは一時間いちじかんに一本いっぽんしかないので、乗のる時間じかんを必かならず教おしえてくださいね。But there's only one train an hour, so be sure to tell me which train you'll take.

문장을 탭하면 해석이 나와요.

내용 확인

R1マリアさんの町まちについて、文章ぶんしょうの内容ないようと合あうものはどれですか。

정답과 해설

정답: 2 家賃やちんは東京とうきょうより安やすい

The email says rent isn't as high as in Tokyo, so it is cheaper than Tokyo. The train is empty enough to sit, the supermarket is twenty minutes by car (not on foot), and the nights are very quiet.

R2マリアさんは、生活費せいかつひについてどう書かいていますか。

정답과 해설

정답: 3 ガソリン代だいがかかるので、前まえとあまり変かわらない

She writes that she pays for gas for the car, so her living costs are about the same as before. Prices are a little lower, but her total costs did not drop much.

퀴즈

1駅えきから遠とおくて、バスも少すくないので、この辺へんは（　　）です。

정답과 해설

정답: 3 不便ふべん

"It's far from the station and there are few buses, so this area is inconvenient." 不便 means inconvenient. The other words are nouns that don't describe the area here.

2毎月まいつきの（　　）は六万円ろくまんえんで、部屋へやは少すこし狭せまいです。

정답과 해설

정답: 1 家賃やちん

"The monthly rent is 60,000 yen, and the room is a little small." 家賃 is money you pay for a room each month. 物価 means prices in general, so it can't be 60,000 yen.

3日曜日にちようびのデパートはとても（　　）いて、なかなか前まえに進すすめませんでした。

정답과 해설

정답: 4 混こんで

"The department store on Sunday was so crowded that I could hardly move forward." 混む means crowded. 空く is the opposite, and if it were closed (閉まる) you couldn't go in.

4疲つかれて、もう一歩いっぽも歩あるけない（　　）です。

정답과 해설

정답: 2 くらい

"I'm so tired that I can't take another step." V plain form + くらい shows a high degree. まで, ので and ために cannot end the sentence before です like this.

5この町まちの冬ふゆは、私わたしの国くに（　　）寒さむくないです。

정답과 해설

정답: 3 ほど

"Winter in this town is not as cold as in my country." A は B ほど〜ない means A is less ~ than B. The other particles don't make a comparison.

6駅えきまで歩あるいて十分じゅっぷん（　　）かかります。

정답과 해설

정답: 4 ぐらい

"It takes about ten minutes to walk to the station." Number/time + ぐらい means "about". しか needs a negative verb, and まで and を don't fit here.

7「〜ほど〜ない」の使つかい方かたが正ただしい文ぶんはどれですか。

정답과 해설

정답: 2 この町まちは東京とうきょうほど人口じんこうが多おおくないです。

When comparing with B ほど, the predicate must be negative (〜ない). Sentence 2 means "This town doesn't have as many people as Tokyo." The others are not negative.

8物価が高たかい町まちです。

정답과 해설

정답: 1 ぶっか

物価 is read ぶっか. Note that ぶつ becomes ぶっ. The sentence means "It's a town with high prices."

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