Japatan
접속
- N1 + や + N2
- N1 + や + N2 + など
해설
や joins nouns, but unlike と it lists only some examples and suggests there are others. 本や ノート means "books, notebooks and other things," while 本と ノート means just those two. など ("and so on") comes after the last noun and makes "and others" explicit; it can be left out. Particles such as が, を and へ come after など: 本や ノートなどが あります.
예문
かばんの 中に 本や ノートなどが あります。
There are books, notebooks and other things in my bag.
朝は パンや 果物を 食べます。
In the morning I eat things like bread and fruit.
休みの 日は 公園や 図書館などへ 行きます。
On my days off I go to places like the park and the library.
私の クラスには 中国や ベトナムや ブラジルなどの 学生が います。
My class has students from China, Vietnam, Brazil and other countries.
주의
や connects nouns only. To list actions as examples, use 〜たり〜たり します (not 食べるや 飲む).
관련 문법
미니 퀴즈
1机の 上に 辞書（ ） 鉛筆などが あります。
정답과 해설
정답: 3 や
"There are dictionaries, pencils and other things on the desk." など shows that these are examples, so the nouns are joined with や. 辞書も 鉛筆など, 辞書で 鉛筆など and 辞書を 鉛筆など are not correct Japanese.
2私は 肉や 魚（ ）が 好きです。
정답과 해설
정답: 2 など
"I like meat, fish and things like that." The pattern is A や B など: など follows the last noun and the particle が comes after it. や, と and も do not fit before が here.
3デパートで ＿＿ ＿＿ ＿★＿ ＿＿ 買いました。
정답과 해설
정답: 1 など
The correct order is 4→3→1→2: デパートで シャツや ネクタイなどを 買いました (I bought shirts, ties and other things at the department store). など comes after the last noun and before を, so ★ is など.
