Japatan
접속
- V普通形 + ようだ／みたいだ
- いA普通形 + ようだ／みたいだ
- なA + な + ようだ
- N + の + ようだ
- なA(だ を取る) + みたいだ
- N(だ を取る) + みたいだ
- なA・N の過去・否定: 普通形 + ようだ／みたいだ(雨だった + ようだ)
- 名詞の前: 〜ような／みたいな + N、動詞の前: 〜ように／みたいに + V
해설
ようだ and みたいだ mean almost the same; みたいだ is conversational and ようだ is a little more formal. (1) A guess based on what you see or feel: the lights are off, so he seems to have gone home. (2) A comparison: like spring, like a hotel. In use (2), you know it is not actually that thing.
예문
電気が 消えて いますね。田中さんは もう 帰ったようです。
The lights are off. It seems Mr. Tanaka has already gone home.
兄は 新しい 仕事が 大変みたいです。毎日 帰りが 遅いです。
My older brother's new job seems hard. He comes home late every day.
今日は 暖かくて、春のような 天気です。
It's warm today, like spring weather.
旅館の 部屋が ホテルみたいに きれいで、びっくりしました。
I was surprised that the inn's room was as clean as a hotel.
주의
みたいだ attaches directly to na-adjectives and nouns (not 静かなみたい or 子どものみたい), while ようだ needs な or の. そうだ (appearance) is a visual impression; ようだ is a judgment based on various clues.
관련 문법
미니 퀴즈
1あの 建物は 大きくて、お城（ ）ですね。
정답과 해설
정답: 2 みたい
That building is big, like a castle. みたいだ attaches directly to a noun: お城みたい. With ようだ it would be お城のよう.
2佐藤さんは 最近 仕事が 暇（ ）ようです。
정답과 해설
정답: 4 な
Sato seems to have little work these days. A na-adjective needs な before ようだ: 暇なようです. の is used after nouns.
3田中さんは 歌が とても 上手で、歌手の（ ）歌います。
정답과 해설
정답: 3 ように
Tanaka is very good at singing and sings like a professional singer. A verb (歌います) follows, so ように is needed. ような is used before a noun.
