JLPT N4 模拟题 第 1 套

答案: 2 ちず

地図 is read ちず (map). 地 is ち and 図 is ず here. In 図書館 (としょかん) the kanji 図 is read と, but in 地図 it is ず. The sentence means "Please show me a map of this town."

答案: 1 ゆうがた

夕方 is read ゆうがた (early evening). 夕 is the long sound ゆう, and 方 becomes がた, not かた. The sentence means "I hear it will rain from the evening."

答案: 4 とくべつ

特別 is read とくべつ (special). 特 is とく, not どく, and 別 is べつ, not へつ. The sentence means "Today I made a special dish."

答案: 3 はこんで

運んで is read はこんで, from 運ぶ (はこぶ, to carry). えらんで is from えらぶ (to choose), ならんで from ならぶ (to line up), and ころんで from 転ぶ (to fall down). The sentence means "Please carry this luggage up to the second floor."

答案: 1 くらい

暗い is read くらい (dark), the opposite of 明るい. くろい is 黒い (black), からい means spicy, and かるい is 軽い (light in weight). The sentence means "It is already dark outside."

答案: 3 じゅうしょ

住所 is read じゅうしょ (address). 住 is the long sound じゅう, and 所 is the short sound しょ, not しょう or じょ. The sentence means "Please write your name and address here."

答案: 2 いもうと

妹 is read いもうと (younger sister). おとうと is 弟 (younger brother), あね is 姉 (older sister), and あに is 兄 (older brother). The sentence means "My younger sister will enter university next year."

答案: 4 青い

あおい (blue) is written 青い. 赤い is あかい (red), 黒い is くろい (black), and 白い is しろい (white). The sentence means "The person wearing the blue shirt is Tanaka-san."

答案: 1 送りました

おくる (to send) is written 送る. The kanji 通, 運 and 進 look similar but are different: 通る is とおる (to pass), 運ぶ is はこぶ (to carry), and 進む is すすむ (to advance). The sentence means "I sent a letter to my family in my home country."

答案: 3 昼

ひる (noon, daytime) is written 昼. 朝 is あさ (morning), 夕 is ゆう (evening), and 夜 is よる (night). The sentence means "Shall we have a meal together at noon tomorrow?"

答案: 2 映画

えいが (movie) is written 映画. 英 is also read えい, but it is the kanji used in 英語 (English). 面 looks similar to 画 but is a different kanji. The sentence means "I will go to see a movie with a friend on Sunday."

答案: 4 姉

あね (older sister) is written 姉. 妹 is いもうと (younger sister). 始 is used in 始める (to begin) and 好 in 好き (to like). All four kanji have 女 on the left side, so they look similar. The sentence means "My older sister works at a bank."

答案: 2 よやく

よやく means to reserve a restaurant, hotel and so on in advance. ちゅうもん is to order food or goods, やくそく is a promise between people, and しょうたい is to invite a person, so they do not fit after レストランを. The sentence means "My family will eat out tomorrow night, so I reserved a restaurant."

答案: 3 おみやげ

おみやげ is a gift you buy on a trip and bring back for others. おみまい is a visit to a sick person, おまつり is a festival, and おつり is the change you get when you pay. The sentence means "I went on a trip, so I bought souvenirs for people at my company."

答案: 1 ひろった

"I picked up someone's wallet on the street, so I took it to the police box." ひろう means to pick up something lying on the ground. The wallet belongs to someone else (だれかの), and you can only take it because you picked it up. おとした (dropped), なくした (lost) and すてた (threw away) are about your own things, and you would not have the wallet.

答案: 4 かざる

かざる means to display something such as flowers or pictures so that it looks nice. かける is to hang something on a wall, つつむ is to wrap, and はる is to stick paper on something, so they do not fit with flowers on a table. The sentence means "When I put flowers on the table as decoration, the room became bright."

答案: 3 あさい

あさい (shallow) is used for rivers, seas and pools where the bottom is near. Its opposite is ふかい (deep), which does not fit because a deep river is dangerous. うすい is used for thin books or paper and weak tastes, and ひくい for low mountains or short height. The sentence means "This river is shallow, so even children can play safely."

答案: 1 そろそろ

そろそろ is used when it is almost time to do something; そろそろ帰りましょう is a common phrase. だんだん means gradually, ときどき means sometimes, and なかなか is used in patterns like なかなか〜ない, so they do not fit. The sentence means "It is already nine o'clock. Let's go home soon."

答案: 4 スイッチ

スイッチ is a switch; we say スイッチを入れる (turn on) and スイッチを切る (turn off). ガソリン is fuel for cars, カーテン is a curtain, and ベル is a bell, so they do not fit with a heater. The sentence means "It was cold, so I turned on the heater."

答案: 2 アルバイト

アルバイト is a part-time job, often done by students to earn money. プレゼント is a gift, レポート is a report, and テキスト is a textbook, so they do not explain how the person saves money. The sentence means "I want a new computer, so I am working part-time and saving money."

答案: 1 この へやは しずかでは ありません。

うるさい means noisy, so it is close to しずかではありません (not quiet). きれいではありません means not clean, 明るくありません means not bright, and 広くありません means not spacious. The sentence means "This room is noisy."

答案: 3 あそこは 車を 止める ところです。

ちゅうしゃじょう is a parking lot, a place where you park (止める) cars. It is not a place to sell (売る), wash (洗う) or repair (なおす) cars. The sentence means "That place over there is a parking lot."

答案: 2 出かける じゅんびを しました。

したく means getting ready for something, so it is close to じゅんび (preparation). やくそく is a promise, そうだん is a consultation, and れんらく is contacting someone. The sentence means "I got ready to go out."

答案: 4 さいきん 仕事が いそがしいです。

このごろ means these days, from a little while ago until now, so it is close to さいきん (recently). これから means from now on, 今日は means only today, and ときどき means sometimes. The sentence means "I have been busy with work these days."

答案: 3 田中さんに 車で 送って もらったので、おれいを 言いました。

おれい means thanks, in words or as a gift, for something a person did for you. In 3, Tanaka-san gave the speaker a ride, so the speaker said thank you. Sentence 1 needs おつり (change), 2 needs おみまい (a visit to a sick person), and 4 needs あいさつ (greeting).

答案: 1 急いで 行ったので、9時の 電車に まにあいました。

まにあう means to be in time for something, as in 電車にまにあう (to catch the train in time). Sentence 2 needs 合いません (does not fit), 3 needs 会いました (met), and 4 needs おくれています or 進んでいます (is slow / is fast). Sentence 1 means "I hurried, so I was in time for the nine o'clock train."

答案: 4 にわで トマトを そだてて います。

そだてる means to raise or grow children, animals or plants by taking care of them. Sentence 1 needs たてて (building), 2 needs ためて (saving), and 3 needs なおして (repairing). Sentence 4 means "I am growing tomatoes in the garden."

答案: 2 友だちが 国へ 帰って しまって、さびしいです。

さびしい means lonely, the sad feeling when someone is not with you. Sentence 2 means "My friend went back to their country, and I feel lonely." Sentence 1 needs ねむい (sleepy), 3 needs にがい (bitter), and 4 needs 重くて (heavy).

答案: 3 までに

"Please hand in this report by Friday." までに marks a deadline for a one-time action. まで means an action continues until that time, so it does not fit 出す. までを and までも are not used here.

答案: 2 でも

"We're tired, aren't we? Shall we have some tea or something?" でも gives an example and makes an invitation soft. ほど and より are for comparisons, and や is used to list nouns (A や B), so they do not fit.

答案: 1 いつでも

"This store is open 24 hours, so you can shop anytime." いつでも means "at any time". いつか means "someday", and いつごろ and いつまで are question words, so they do not fit.

答案: 4 歌えます

"Maria can sing Japanese songs well." Because the object is marked with が, the potential form 歌えます is needed. 歌います would need を. 歌われます is passive and 歌わせます is causative, so they do not fit.

答案: 3 聞きながら

"My younger brother always studies while listening to music." ながら (V ます-stem + ながら) means doing two actions at the same time. 聞くと and 聞いたら are conditions, and 聞くまで means "until", so they do not fit.

答案: 1 ふったら

"If it rains tomorrow, let's skip soccer and play games at home." たら expresses a condition ("if"). ふっても ("even if") is used when you still do something, so it does not fit with やめて (stop). ふりながら and ふるまで do not fit the sentence.

答案: 2 ほうが いいですよ

A: "My throat hurts." B: "Then you should go to bed early today." V-た + ほうがいい gives advice. ことがあります is for experience and まま means a state continues, so they do not fit. まえ follows the dictionary form, not the た form.

答案: 4 はいて みても

(At a store) "Excuse me, may I try on these shoes?" てみる means "try doing". ておく is for preparing, てしまう shows completion or regret, and てある describes a state, so they do not fit this request.

答案: 3 つもり

"I plan to go back to my country next summer vacation." V-dictionary form + つもりです expresses one's intention. 帰るところです means "about to leave now", which does not match 来年. まま and ながら are not used in this pattern.

答案: 1 やすい

"This pen is easy to write with, so I always use it." V-ます stem + やすい means "easy to do". にくい means "hard to do", which does not match "always use it". すぎる and たい do not describe the pen.

答案: 2 すぎて

"Last night I ate too much cake, and my stomach started to hurt." V-ます stem + すぎる means "do too much". やすくて, にくくて and たくて do not explain why the stomach hurt.

答案: 4 くれました

"On my birthday, my friend gave me flowers." When someone gives something to me, use くれる. もらう needs "わたしは友だちに", and あげる / やる are used when I give to someone else.

答案: 1 したんです

A: "You look down. What's wrong?" B: "I have a bit of a fever." どうしたんですか asks what happened when you notice something. どうするんですか asks about future plans and どうしたいんですか asks about wishes. どうしないんですか is not used.

答案: 2 働く

The order is 4→1→2→3: わたしは 日本の 会社で 働く ために 日本語を 勉強して います (I am studying Japanese in order to work at a Japanese company). 働く goes in ★.

答案: 3 いう

The order is 4→2→3→1: 駅の 前に 「さくら」と いう きっさてんが あります (In front of the station there is a coffee shop called Sakura). いう goes in ★.

答案: 4 作る

The order is 1→4→2→3: 姉は 料理を 作るのが 好きです (My older sister likes cooking). 作る goes in ★. The の turns the verb phrase into a noun.

答案: 2 に

The order is 4→1→2→3: わたしは つめたい コーヒーに します (I'll have iced coffee). に goes in ★. N + にする is used to choose something.

答案: 3 そこへ

The blank refers to 図書館 in the previous sentence, so そこへ (there) is correct. In writing, そこ refers back to something already mentioned. ここへ is where the speaker is, so it does not go with 行きます. どこかへ means "somewhere", and これへ is not used.

答案: 4 それに

The writer adds another good point (big desks, quiet) to "there are many books", so それに (besides) is correct. でも shows contrast and だから shows a result, so they do not fit.

答案: 1 しか ありません

The apartment is small, so there is only a little space for books. しか must be followed by a negative: 少ししかありません. しかあります is incorrect, and だけありません and もあります do not make sense here.

答案: 2 読んで みたいと 思って います

Because of これからは (from now on), the writer states a future wish: 読んでみたいと思っています (I'd like to try reading). The past forms do not fit, and 読ませたい means making someone else read.

答案: 3 きせつが かわるのを 毎日 見る ことが できるから。

The text says that by bicycle the writer can see the seasons change every day with their own eyes, and "that is why" they ride to school. So 3 is correct. The bus is faster, so 1 is wrong. Money (2) and resting by the river (4) are not mentioned.

答案: 1 雨が ふる 前に、せんたく物を 家の 中に 入れる。

The memo says, "Please bring the laundry inside before it rains," so 1 is correct. The curry is already in the fridge (2), and the laundry is already hanging outside (3). The memo does not say they will eat dinner together at nine (4).

答案: 4 今より 朝 早い 時間から 開くように なる。

The opening time changes from 11 a.m. to 8 a.m., so 4 is correct. The closing time stays at 7 p.m. (2). Weekends are still closed (1), and the menu and prices do not change (3).

答案: 2 それまで 料理を ほとんど した ことが なかったから。

The text says, "At first I couldn't do it well, because I had almost never cooked before," so 2 is correct. The writer did look up recipes online (1) and did buy a cookbook (4). The kitchen (3) is not mentioned.

答案: 4 やさいの 切り方や 火の 強さ

The sentence just before それ says Sato-san showed the writer how to cut vegetables and how strong the heat should be. These are the things that were hard to understand from books or the internet, so 4 is correct.

答案: 1 佐藤さんに 自分の 国の 料理を 食べて もらいたい。

At the end the writer says they want to cook food from their country and have Sato-san eat it, so 1 is correct. In 4 the roles are reversed. The writer now cooks four or five times a week, so 3 is wrong. More cookbooks (2) are not mentioned.

答案: 3 1,900円

Two adults cost 800 yen each (1,600 yen), and the 10-year-old son costs 300 yen. The 4-year-old daughter is under six, so she is free. The total is 1,900 yen, so 3 is correct. Choice 2 wrongly counts the daughter as 300 yen.

答案: 2 キリン

They arrive at 11:30, so they are too late for the rabbits (10:30) and the penguins (11:00). The elephants are for junior high students and older, so a third grader cannot join. The giraffes at 1:30 p.m. are for elementary students and older, so 2 is correct.