JLPT N1 Mock Test 3

Sagot: 2 すいこう

遂行 is read すいこう (to carry out, accomplish). The sentence means "He carried out the assigned task responsibly to the end." 遂 is read すい here, and 行 is こう, not ぎょう.

Sagot: 4 きんこう

均衡 is read きんこう (balance, equilibrium). The sentence means "Keeping a balance between income and spending is not as easy as it seems." へいこう is the reading of a different word, 平衡.

Sagot: 1 そうば

相場 is read そうば (market price). The sentence means "Because of the weather, vegetable prices are higher than usual this year." 場 becomes voiced: ば, not は or じょう.

Sagot: 3 おこたる

怠る is read おこたる (to neglect). The sentence means "Neglecting daily checks could lead to a serious accident." なまける is written 怠ける, with different okurigana; とどこおる is 滞る and あなどる is 侮る.

Sagot: 1 くつがえす

覆す is read くつがえす (to overturn). The sentence means "The new research results overturned the accepted theory." The other choices are different words: 繰り返す, 翻す and 裏返す.

Sagot: 4 おごそか

厳か is read おごそか (solemn, dignified). The sentence means "The ceremony was held in a solemn atmosphere." おろそか (疎か), おだやか (穏やか) and ひそか (密か) are different words.

Sagot: 3 起伏

起伏が激しい means the ground goes up and down a lot. The sentence means "This mountain path has many ups and downs, so it is a little hard for beginners." 推移 (change over time), 屈折 (refraction, bending) and 交錯 (intermingling) do not describe a path.

Sagot: 2 ハードル

ハードルが下がる means something becomes easier to do. The sentence means "Holding the briefing online lowered the barrier to joining, and applications increased." ノルマ (quota), ニーズ (needs) and ブランク (gap) do not fit; lower needs would not increase applications.

Sagot: 4 こじれて

こじれる means a matter gets complicated and hard to settle. The sentence means "A small misunderstanding complicated the talks, and it took half a year to reach a conclusion." ほころびる (come apart at the seams), しなびる (wither) and すたれる (go out of use) do not fit.

Sagot: 1 おびただしい

おびただしい means an extremely large number or amount. The sentence means "Looking up from the mountain, countless stars were shining." はなはだしい (extreme in degree), いちじるしい (marked, striking) and めざましい (remarkable progress) are not used with 数.

Sagot: 2 軒並み

軒並み means "across the board, all alike." The sentence means "Due to bad weather, vegetables in stores have all gone up in price." 根こそぎ (taking everything), ひたすら (single-mindedly) and 片っ端から (one after another, by a person's action) do not fit.

Sagot: 3 還元

還元 means giving profits back to society or the people they came from. The sentence means "The company returns part of its profits to the community through scholarships." 返済 (repaying a loan), 回収 (collecting) and 返還 (returning something borrowed or taken) do not fit.

Sagot: 4 とっさに

とっさに means reacting instantly without time to think. The sentence means "A cat ran into the road, so the driver instinctively stepped on the brake." おもむろに (slowly, calmly), ことごとく (all, entirely) and たちまち (a state changing quickly) do not fit.

Sagot: 1 自然に

おのずと means "naturally, of its own accord." The sentence means "If you keep practicing every day, results will come naturally." 急に (suddenly), 確実に (certainly) and 少しずつ (little by little) have different meanings.

Sagot: 3 競争して

張り合う means to compete or vie with each other. The sentence means "The two have competed with each other over everything since childhood." 言い争う means to argue verbally, and 協力する and 助け合う are close to the opposite.

Sagot: 2 さわやかだ

すがすがしい means refreshing and clean. The sentence means "The air is refreshing on the morning after rain." 冷たい is about temperature, and 湿っぽい (damp) and 重苦しい (oppressive) are unpleasant.

Sagot: 4 言い訳

弁解 means making excuses, the same as 言い訳. The sentence means "He made no excuses for being late." 反省 (reflecting on oneself), 質問 (question) and 報告 (report) differ in meaning.

Sagot: 1 細かく丁寧に

丹念に means carefully, paying attention to every detail. The sentence means "The craftsman was carefully polishing each part." 手早く (quickly), 力を入れて (with force) and 何度も (many times) do not express care.

Sagot: 2 対比

コントラスト means contrast, the same as 対比. The sentence means "The contrast of light and shadow in this photo is beautiful." 調和 (harmony), 変化 (change) and 配置 (arrangement) differ.

Sagot: 3 部長は会議で、計画が変更されるまでの経緯を説明した。

経緯 means the course of events leading up to something. Sentence 3: "The manager explained how the plan came to be changed." In 1 様子 (appearance), in 2 動き (movement), and in 4 進む (move) would be natural.

Sagot: 4 応募者の経歴が募集の条件に合致していたので、面接に進んでもらうことにした。

合致 means to match or agree with conditions or ideas. Sentence 4: "The applicant's background matched the requirements, so we invited them to an interview." In 1 合併 (merge), in 2 合流 (meet up), and in 3 似合う (suit) would be natural.

Sagot: 1 会社は新しい販売方法を取り入れて、赤字の拡大を食い止めた。

食い止める means to stop something bad from spreading further. Sentence 1: "The company stopped its losses from growing by adopting a new sales method." In 2 呼び止める (call to stop), in 3 やめる (quit), and in 4 中止する (call off) would be natural.

Sagot: 2 祖父は収入が増えてからも、質素な暮らしを続けている。

質素 means simple and frugal, without luxury. Sentence 2: "My grandfather has kept living simply even after his income rose." In 1 薄い (bland), in 3 簡単 (easy), and in 4 簡潔 (concise) would be natural.

Sagot: 4 値段が高いからといって、一概に品質がいいとは言えない。

一概に means "across the board, without exception" and is used with a negative, as in 一概に〜とは言えない. Sentence 4: "A high price does not necessarily mean high quality." In 1 必ず (always), in 2 一気に (all at once), and in 3 実に (truly) would be natural.

Sagot: 3 目先の利益にとらわれず、長い目で見て判断するべきだ。

目先 means what is immediately in front of you, the short term. Sentence 3: "We should judge in the long run, not be caught up in short-term profit." In 1 目 (eyes), in 2 先 (ahead), and in 4 日程 (schedule) would be natural.

Sagot: 2 そばから

"The words in this book are forgotten as soon as I learn them, so I just have to repeat them." そばから means "no sooner than ~, again and again." うちに (while), ばかりに (just because) and あまり (too much ~) do not fit the meaning.

Sagot: 4 もさることながら

"This restaurant is known not only for its taste but also for its beautiful dishes and presentation." もさることながら means "~ is true, and also ~." とあって (because of the special situation), ならでは (unique to) and をよそに (ignoring) do not fit.

Sagot: 1 ならいざしらず

"A beginner would be one thing, but I can't believe someone with ten years in this job made such a basic mistake." ならいざしらず means "if it were ~, it would be different." ともなると (when it comes to), にしたところで (even ~) and とあって (because) do not fit.

Sagot: 3 ではあるまいし

A: "I'm worried about preparing tomorrow's presentation alone. Can you help?" B: "You're not a child, so do that much yourself." ではあるまいし means "since it is not ~." The other choices mean "because you are a child" or "even so," which do not fit.

Sagot: 2 ばこそ

"The reason the teacher warns you so strictly is precisely because he cares about your future." ばこそ stresses the reason (= からこそ). ども is contrastive (though), and the other two do not connect to なんだよ.

Sagot: 1 を禁じ得なかった

"Hearing that the craftsman who had struggled for years finally won the award he had hoped for, I could not help being moved." を禁じ得ない means "cannot suppress (a feeling)." The others mean "was forced to," "did not need to," and "it would have been best to."

Sagot: 4 に足る

"His explanation had no grounds sufficient to convince us." に足る means "enough to ~ / worthy of ~." までもない (no need to), べからざる (must not) and にかたくない (easy to imagine) do not fit.

Sagot: 3 しまいが

"Whether or not the people around me agree, I intend to follow the path I chose." The pattern Vようが Vまいが means "whether one does ~ or not." The other choices do not pair with しようが.

Sagot: 1 といったらなかった

"The joy of harvesting the first vegetables I grew myself was beyond words." といったらない means "extremely ~, indescribably ~." The others mean "was in no position to," "there was no need," and "was nothing more than."

Sagot: 4 存じ上げております

A: "Nice to meet you. I'm Tanaka from Sales." B: "Nice to meet you. I have known your name for some time." For your own action, use the humble 存じ上げる. ご存じ and 知っていらっしゃる are honorific (for others), and お知りになる is not normally used.

Sagot: 3 かばんを

Order: 4-1-3-2. "As soon as my son came home from school, he threw down his bag and went out to play." Vなり means "as soon as ~."

Sagot: 2 一度始めた

Order: 4-3-2-1. "Whether it is work or a hobby, you should see through to the end whatever you have started." AであれBであれ means "whether A or B."

Sagot: 4 お越し

Order: 3-2-4-1. "Thank you for coming today despite your busy schedule." ところを means "when you are in the middle of ~" and is used in set phrases of thanks or apology.

Sagot: 1 夢を

Order: 3-1-4-2. "She gets up early every morning to study in order to make her dream of studying abroad come true." Vべく is a written form meaning "in order to ~."

Sagot: 3 失礼

Order: 2-4-3-1. "Talking on the phone again and again during a meeting is extremely rude." 極まりない after a na-adjective stem means "extremely ~."

Sagot: 2 こうした

こうした (such) refers back to the discoveries just described (the bookstore and the diner). あんな refers to something both sides already know, not to the preceding text. どんな and いかなる are used in questions or with ~ても.

Sagot: 1 せずにはいられない

ずにはいられない means "cannot help ~," so the writer cannot help feeling a chill. せずじまい (ended up not doing), せずにおく (deliberately not do) and せずにはすまない (be obliged to do) do not fit a natural emotional reaction.

Sagot: 4 もっとも

もっとも adds a qualification or exception to what was just said ("that said, ~"). The writer praises getting lost, then adds that it is not for everyone. そのうえ (moreover), したがって (therefore) and ところが (contrary to expectation) do not fit.

Sagot: 2 に越したことはない

に越したことはない means "it is best to ~." When walking alone late at night, it is best to check the route in advance. までもない (no need to), わけにはいかない (cannot) and にすぎない (merely) do not fit.

Sagot: 3 ように思えてならない

ように思えてならない means "I cannot help feeling that ~," expressing the writer's strong belief that detours enrich life. とは思いもしない is the opposite meaning, and the other two do not express the writer's own view.

Sagot: 2 日々の行動を決めておくことで、創作に力を集中しやすくなる。

The text says that if you do not have to decide again every day what to do and when, you can put that energy into the work itself. So 2 is correct. 1 and 3 are common ideas the writer argues against. 4 is the opposite of the text.

Sagot: 4 点検の前日までに、飲み水やトイレに使う水をためておく。

The notice says to store drinking water and water for the toilet, for example in the bathtub, by the day before. So 4 is correct. Running the water in 2 is done after the water comes back. Contacting the association, as in 1 and 3, is not mentioned.

Sagot: 1 渡り鳥は、空が見えない日には地磁気を手がかりにしている可能性がある。

The text says birds may sense the earth's magnetism and know directions even when they cannot see the sky. So 1 is correct. Birds flying by day use the sun, so 2 is wrong. The text does not say only night birds have this ability (3), or that birds wait for good weather (4).

Sagot: 3 方言で話すときのほうが、人との距離が近く、遠慮が少なくなる。

When the writer speaks the dialect, they interrupt others without holding back, and the writer says the distance to other people changes. So 3 is correct. The writer is calm in standard Japanese, not in the dialect (1). In standard Japanese they rarely joke (2) and do not interrupt (4).

Sagot: 3 旬の食材は安くて栄養もあるので、生活に役立つ選び方だったということ

Just before this, the text says seasonal food is nutritious and cheap because there is a lot of it. Choosing cheap, healthy food was a wise way of living, so 3 is correct. Seasonal food was easy to get, so 1 is wrong. The text says it was not a luxury, so 4 is wrong.

Sagot: 1 栽培や輸送の技術が発達し、一年中さまざまな食材が手に入るようになったから

The second paragraph says that greenhouse farming, freezing and transport have improved, so most foods are in stores all year. So 1 is correct. The reasons in 2, 3 and 4 are not in the text.

Sagot: 4 何でも食べられる今だからこそ、季節を感じて選ぶ楽しみがある。

The third paragraph says that because we can eat anything at any time, choosing food with the season in mind has become a fresh pleasure. So 4 is correct. The writer says shun is not just a word for the tastiest time, so 3 is wrong. 1 is the opposite of the text, and the writer does not say 2.

Sagot: 2 生活に必要なものを得るために、木を切ったり草を刈ったりすること

The paragraph before lists cutting trees for firewood and charcoal, collecting leaves for fertilizer, cutting grass and cleaning ponds. These are the activities, so 2 is correct. The activities in 1, 3 and 4 are not mentioned.

Sagot: 4 林が暗くなり、明るい場所に頼る草花や虫が減っていく。

The third paragraph says that in unmanaged woods, light no longer reaches the ground, so flowers that need light disappear, and so do the insects. So 4 is correct. The woods become dark, so 1 is wrong. 3 is the common idea the writer rejects.

Sagot: 1 異なる環境が隣り合っていることで、多くの生き物が暮らせる。

At the end of the second paragraph, the text says different environments side by side create the variety of living things. So 1 is correct. People stopped going into satoyama after fuels changed (2), and species decrease when people leave (3). 4 is wrong because it says only dark forests matter.

Sagot: 3 仕事や睡眠に使えたはずの、無駄な時間だ。

In the first paragraph, the writer says they always thought the commute was a waste, and that with those two hours they could work more or sleep more. So 3 is correct. 1 and 2 are things the writer realized only after starting to work from home. 4 is not in the text.

Sagot: 2 一日中同じ部屋で、仕事も生活もしているから

Just before this, the writer says they start work right after waking up, go straight to the kitchen after work, and stay in the same room all day. Work and daily life continue in one place, so 2 is correct. The text does not mention more work (1), family (3) or working late (4).

Sagot: 4 仕事の前後に近所を歩いて、区切りをつけるようにしている。

The last paragraph says the writer now walks around the neighborhood for about twenty minutes before and after work, as a replacement for going to and coming home from work. So 4 is correct. 3 describes the earlier problem, and 1 and 2 are not in the text.

Sagot: 1 予定を細かく決め、空いた時間も何かで埋めようとしていた。

The second paragraph says the writer planned their schedule in 15-minute blocks and felt uneasy unless free time was filled with something useful. So 1 is correct. The writer always watched the clock, so 2 is wrong. 3 and 4 are not described as life in Tokyo.

Sagot: 3 時間は、季節の変化とともに繰り返し訪れるものだということ

Just before this, the text says seasonal signs such as plum flowers and melting snow work as a calendar, and time is felt together with changes in nature. Time returns again and again like the seasons, so 3 is correct. 1, 2 and 4 do not explain this phrase.

Sagot: 2 自然の様子を目印にして、仕事や予定を決めている。

The third paragraph says plans depend on the weather, not the clock, and the fourth gives examples like planting potatoes when the plum trees bloom. So 2 is correct. People meet on rainy days, so 1 is the opposite. 3 and 4 are not in the text.

Sagot: 4 時間には、どれだけこなしたかでは測れない価値もある。

In the last paragraph, the writer says some time can be measured by a clock and some cannot, and that what they gained was a different measure of time. So 4 is correct. 2 is only what changed the writer's mind, and 3 is a small point. The writer does not recommend moving (1).

Sagot: 3 専門的な技術を持つ人から指導を受けられること

A says students can receive specialized coaching, and B says students can learn skills from experienced coaches. So 3 is correct. 1, 2 and 4 are mentioned only in B.

Sagot: 1 Aは賛成しており、Bは利点を認めつつも課題があると考えている。

A clearly says it supports the change. B accepts the benefits but points out problems, such as relying on outside coaches too much, a lack of coaches, and costs, and says a system must be prepared first. So 1 is correct. B does not oppose the idea itself, so 2 is wrong.

Sagot: 2 借りて返すだけでは、物に対する記憶や愛着が生まれにくいということ

This time refers to what comes just before: memories of daily life stored in well-used tools, and growing attachment by repairing and using one's own things. Simply borrowing and returning does not create this, so 2 is correct. 1, 3 and 4 are not related to the text.

Sagot: 4 資源を無駄にしないことを大切に考える人が増えたこと

The second paragraph names, as one reason, that more people do not want to waste resources. So 4 is correct. City homes are small, so 3 is the opposite. 1 is the old way of thinking, and 2 is not in the text.

Sagot: 1 事業者の事情によって、使っていた物が使えなくなるおそれがあること

The fifth paragraph says that if prices go up or a service ends, users suddenly lose things they are used to. So 1 is correct. Sharing means fewer things are made, so 2 is the opposite. Sharing is cheaper than buying, so 3 is also wrong. 4 is not in the text.

Sagot: 3 何を持ち何を分け合うかを選ぶことで、豊かさを考え直すべきだ。

In the last paragraph, the writer says the key is for each person to choose what to own and what to share, and to rethink what richness means to them. So 3 is correct. The writer does not fully welcome sharing (1) and says we should not return to owning (2). 4 is not the writer's point.

Sagot: 4 B だけ

Sato can take B, which is for employees in their third year or later. C requires attending all four sessions, but Sato cannot attend the first one on November 19. D requires basic spreadsheet skills, E is for staff in their fifth year or later who train juniors, and A is for new section managers. So 4 is correct.

Sagot: 2 所属長に相談して承認を得てから、ポータルで申込書を送信する。

The notice says to talk to your manager before applying, and to send the form on the portal with the name of the manager who approved it. So 2 is correct. You send the form yourself. You call the extension only if the confirmation email does not arrive, so 4 is wrong. 1 and 3 are not required.